# output-error-direct-io

> Claude/Codex skill by [@growthxai](https://omgskills.com/library/growthxai/index.md) · 443 stars · Updated 2026-10-22

Fix direct I/O in Output SDK workflow functions. Use when workflow hangs, returns undefined, shows "workflow must be deterministic" errors, or when HTTP/API calls are made directly in workflow code.

Tags: agents, ai, ai-agents, ai-sdk, claude, claude-code, javascript, llm, nodejs, open-source, reliability, temporal, typescript, workflow-engine, workflows

## Install

```sh
git clone https://github.com/growthxai/output /tmp/output && ln -s /tmp/output/coding_assistants/claude/plugins/outputai/skills/output-error-direct-io ~/.claude/skills/output-error-direct-io
```

## From README

Fix Direct I/O in Workflow Functions Overview This skill helps diagnose and fix a critical error pattern where I/O operations (HTTP calls, database queries, file operations) are performed directly in workflow functions instead of in steps. This violates Temporal's determinism requirements. When to Use This Skill You're seeing: Workflow hangs indefinitely Undefined or empty responses "workflow must be deterministic" errors Network operations failing silently Timeouts without clear cause Root Cause Workflow functions must be deterministic - they should only orchestrate steps, not perform I/O directly.

## Links

- HTML page: https://omgskills.com/library/growthxai/output/coding_assistants/claude/plugins/outputai/skills/output-error-direct-io/
- GitHub: https://github.com/growthxai/output
- Author: [@growthxai](https://omgskills.com/library/growthxai/index.md)

## More from this repo

- [output-build-workflow](https://omgskills.com/library/growthxai/output/coding_assistants/claude/plugins/outputai/skills/output-build-workflow/index.md) — Implement an Output SDK workflow from a plan document.
   - [@growthxai](https://omgskills.com/library/growthxai/index.md) · 443 stars
- [output-credentials-edit](https://omgskills.com/library/growthxai/output/coding_assistants/claude/plugins/outputai/skills/output-credentials-edit/index.md) — View, edit, and set encrypted credentials in an Output.ai project.
   - [@growthxai](https://omgskills.com/library/growthxai/index.md) · 443 stars
- [output-credentials-env-vars](https://omgskills.com/library/growthxai/output/coding_assistants/claude/plugins/outputai/skills/output-credentials-env-vars/index.md) — Wire encrypted credentials to environment variables using the credential: convention.
   - [@growthxai](https://omgskills.com/library/growthxai/index.md) · 443 stars